Tag Archives: calculus

Double Areas Puzzles

A while ago James Tanton provided a series of puzzles:

Puzzle #1   At what value between 0 and 1 does a horizontal line at that height produce two regions of equal area as shown on the graph of y = x2?

Puzzle #2   A horizontal line is drawn between the lines y = 0 and y = 1, dividing the graph of y = x2 into two regions as shown. At what height should that line be drawn so that the sum of the areas of these two regions is minimal?

Puzzle #3   A horizontal line is drawn between the lines y = 0 and y = 1, dividing the graph of y = xn into two regions as shown (n > 0). At what height should that line be drawn so that the sum of the areas of these two regions is minimal? Does that height depend on the value of n?

Puzzle #4   What horizontal line drawn between y = 0 and y = 1 on the graph of y = 2x – 1 minimizes the sum of the two shaded areas shown?

See Double Areas Puzzles for solutions.

Sphere and Plane Puzzle

This is another puzzle from BL’s Weekly Math Games.

“a + b + c = 2, and

a2 + b2 + c2 = 12

where a, b, and c are real numbers.  What is the difference between the maximum and minimum possible values of c?”

The original problem statement mentioned a fourth real number d, but I considered it a typo, since it was not involved in the problem.

Answer.

See Sphere and Plane Puzzle for a solution.

Hjelmslev’s Theorem

I came across this remarkable result in Futility Closet:

“On each of these two black lines is a trio of red points marked by the same distances.  The midpoints of segments drawn between corresponding points are collinear.

(Discovered by Danish mathematician Johannes Hjelmslev.)”

This result seems amazing and mysterious.  I wondered if I could think of a proof.  I found a simple approach that did not use plane geometry.  And suddenly, like a magic trick exposed, the result seemed obvious.

See Hjelmslev’s Theorem